What is an independent human rights investigation?

The UN defines it as “impartial, objective, and unbiased inquiries conducted by neutral experts or organizations to examine allegations of human rights abuses. Their primary goal is to establish factual records, collect credible evidence, promote accountability, and seek justice for victims without political interference.”

Who are the investigators?

International organisations

Academic institutions

Non-governmental organisations

Investigative journalists (individuals and institutions)

Human rights defenders

Environmental defenders

National human rights commissions and institutes

Human rights lawyers, forensic experts, auditors, etc etc..

Four basic principles for independent investigations, according to the International Criminal Court:

Principles that can guide you in your independent investigative work

  • Impartiality: Investigators remain unbiased, excluding anyone implicated in the case, and they weigh both incriminating and exculpating evidence equally

  • Independence: The investigating body operates free from the control or influence of the state, government, or institutions it is tasked to oversee

  • Evidence Gathering: Investigators systematically collect testimonies from victims and witnesses, analyze forensic material, and document events to international legal standards

  • Accountability: The objective is to identify perpetrators, document root causes, and prepare findings that can support future legal proceedings or policy reforms

Investigative organisations and institutions